She said, "I was teaching earlier." (Indirect Speech)
ক) She said that she had been teaching earlier.
খ) She said she had been teaching earlier.
গ) She said that I had been teaching earlier.
ঘ) She says that she was been teaching earlier.
বিস্তারিত ব্যাখ্যা:
রিপোর্টিং ভার্ব "said" অতীত কালে রয়েছে। Past Continuous Tense "was teaching" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect Continuous "had been teaching" হয়। Pronoun "I" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে "she" হয়। Option A এই পরিবর্তনগুলো সঠিকভাবে প্রয়োগ করেছে।
Related Questions
ক) The clerk said that the boss was very cruel.
খ) The clerk exclaimed that the boss was very cruel.
গ) The clerk told that the boss was very cruel.
ঘ) The clerk describe that the boss was very cruel.
Note : প্রত্যক্ষ উক্তি "How cruel the boss is!" একটি বিস্ময়বোধক বাক্য। পরোক্ষ উক্তিতে এটি সাধারণত "exclaimed that" দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং "how" বিশেষণকে তীব্র করার জন্য "very" বা "greatly" এ পরিবর্তিত হয়। অতীত কাল "was" (যেটি "is" থেকে এসেছে) থাকে। Option B "exclaimed that" এবং "was very cruel" (কাল পরিবর্তন 'is' থেকে 'was') সঠিকভাবে ব্যবহার করেছে।
ক) She said that she didn't know the way and did I know it.
খ) She said that she didn't know the way and asked me if I did.
গ) She told that she was not knowing the way, but wondered if I knew.
ঘ) She asked me if I knew the way which she didn't.
ক) She said that it is cool in winter.
খ) She said that it is cool in winter.
গ) She said that it had been cool in winter.
ঘ) She said that it has been cool in winter.
Note : "It is cool in winter" একটি সাধারণ সত্য বা অভ্যাসগত ঘটনা। যখন একটি সাধারণ সত্য পরোক্ষ উক্তিতে রিপোর্ট করা হয়, তখন রিপোর্টিং ভার্ব অতীত কালে ("said") থাকলেও এর কাল পরিবর্তন হয় না। Option B রিপোর্টেড ক্লজের বর্তমান কাল সঠিকভাবে বজায় রেখেছে।
ক) He said to me that he knows who killed the tiger.
খ) He told me that he had known who killed the tiger.
গ) He told me that he knew who killed the tiger.
ঘ) He told me that he knew who had killed the tiger.
Note : রিপোর্টিং ভার্ব "said to me" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে "told me" হয়। Present Simple "I know" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Simple "he knew" হয়। Embedded clause "who killed the tiger" (Simple Past) পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect "who had killed the tiger" হয়। Option D এই উভয় কাল পরিবর্তন সঠিকভাবে প্রয়োগ করেছে।
ক) she was teaching English for 7 years.
খ) She said that he had been teaching English for 7 years.
গ) She was saying that she had been teaching English for 7 years.
ঘ) She said that she had been teaching English for 7 years.
Note : রিপোর্টিং ভার্ব "said" অতীত কালে রয়েছে। Present Perfect Continuous "have been teaching" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect Continuous "had been teaching" হয়। Pronoun "I" (যা "have been teaching" এর উহ্য Subject) পরিবর্তিত হয়ে "she" হয়। Option D এই পরিবর্তনগুলো সঠিকভাবে প্রয়োগ করেছে।
ক) He asked me where I was staying when I was in Dhaka.
খ) He asked me where I had been staying when I was in Dhaka.
গ) He asked me where I had been staying when I had been in Dhaka.
ঘ) He asked me where I stayed when I was in Dhaka.
Note : রিপোর্টিং ভার্ব "said to me" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে "asked me" হয়। প্রশ্নবোধক শব্দ "Where" অপরিবর্তিত থাকে। Past Continuous "were you staying" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect Continuous "I had been staying" হয়। Past Simple "were in Dhaka" পরিবর্তিত হয়ে Past Perfect "I had been in Dhaka" হয়। Option C এই উভয় কাল পরিবর্তন সঠিকভাবে প্রয়োগ করেছে।
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